ECCE VARRO SANGHAEVICUS! 看!瓦羅,上海人. ΙΔΟΥ ΒΑΡΡΩΝ ΣΑΓΧΑΙΒΙΚΟΣ!

 

 唐装照1

 唐装照2

 与汪明荃

 与梁佩玲

 在中山市1

 在中山市2

与导游刘广志

　　[原文]

　　14. Ex his ipsis cultis notisque terris num aut tuum aut cuiusquam nostrum nomen vel Caucasum hunc， quem cernis， transcendere potuit vel illum Gangen tranatare？ Quis in reliquis orientis aut obeuntis solis ultimis aut aquilonis austrive partibus tuum nomen audiet？ Quibus amputatis cernis profecto quantis in angustiis vestra se gloria dilatari velit. Ipsi autem， qui de nobis loquuntur， quam loquentur diu？

　　[註解]

　　ex his ipsis cultis notisque terris num aut tuum aut cuiusquam nostrum nomen vel Caucasum hunc， quem cernis， transcendere potuit vel Gangen tranatare

　　culta notaque terra耕種過的（有人住的）和著名的地方。cuiusquam nostrum我們之間任何人的。Caucasum transcendere vel Gangen tranatare爬山涉水。tuum nomen potuit你的大名能做。

　　quis in reliquis orientis aut obeuntis solis ultimis aut aquilonis austrive partibus tuum nomen audiet

　　in reliquis ultimis在最遠的其他地方。oriens aut obeuns sol升起和落下的太陽，通常表示東方和西方。aquilonis austrive pars北方和南方。quis tuum nomen audiet誰聽到你的名字。

　　quibus amputatis cernis profecto quantis in angustiis vestra se gloria dilatari velit

　　amputatis quantis in angustiis從斷斷續續的好像在狹窄的地方。se dilatari velle原意自己被流傳/廣佈。vestra gloria你的榮耀，velle的主語。

　　ipsi autem， qui de nobis loquuntur， quam loquentur diu

　　説道他們，那些議論我們的，有多久可以說呢？

　　[直譯]

　　從這些有人居住的和著名的地方，你的或者我們之間任何人的名字，越過高山，我在想，度過大河，能嗎？誰從東方或者西方極遠的地方，或者從北部或者南部地方，聽見你的大名？從斷斷續續的好像在狹窄的地方，你好好想想，你的榮耀能自己播撒嗎？那些自己在理論我們的人，又能說多久呢？

 

只用单数的名词：

Argentum, aurum, ferrum, plebs, justitia,
Ver, aevum, letum, sanguis, pueritia.

只用复数的名词：

Manes, liberi, Penates,
Divitiae, cunae, nugae, grates,
With arma, munia, magalia,
And festive seasons, as Floralia.

通性名词（可以指任何一个性别）：

Artifex and opifex,
Conviva, vates, advena,
Testis, civis, incola,
Parens, sacerdos, custos, vindex,
Adolescens, infans, index.
Judex, heres, comes, dux,
Princeps, municeps, conjux,
Obses, ales, interpres,
Auctor, exul; and with these
Bos, dama, talpa, tigris, grus,
Cavis and anguis, serpens, sus.

第一变格法名词性别：

Nouns denoting males in a
Are by meaning Mascula;
And added to the Males must be
Hadria, the Hadriatic Sea.

us结尾的阴性名词：

Feminina stand in us,
Alvus, arctus, carbasus,
Colus, humus, pampinus,
Vannus; names of Plants, as pirus;
Names of Jewels, as sapphires.
Neuter, pelagus and virus.
Vulgus Neuter commonly,
Rarely Masculine, we see.

第三变格法名词性别：

Substantives in do and go
Genus Femininum show.
But ligo, ordo, praedo, cardo,
Are Mascula; and Common margo.
Verbal Nouns in io call
Feminina, one and all:
Mascula  will only be
Things that you may touch or see,
(As curculio, vespertilio,
Pugio, scipio, and papilio,)
With the Nouns that number show,
Such as ternio, senio.
Echo Femininum name:
Caro (carnis) is the same.
Femininum call arbor;
Neuter aequor, marmor, cor.
Of the Substantives in os,
Feminina cos and dos:
While, of Latin Nouns, alone
Neuter are os (ossis), bone,
And os (oris), mouth: a few
Greek in os are Neuter too.
Many Neuters end in er,
Siler, acer, verber, ver,
Tuber, uber, and cadaver,
Piper, iter, and papaver.
Feminina, compes, teges,
Merces, merges, quies, seges,
Through their Genitives increase,
With the Neuters reckon aes.
Many Nouns in is we find
To the Mascula assigned:
Amnis, axis, caulis, collies,
Clunis, crinis, fascis, follies,
Fustis, ignis, orbis, ensis,
Panis, pascis, postis, mensis,
Torris, unguis, and canalis,
Vectis, vermis, and natalis,
Lapis, sanguis, cucumis,
Pulvis, cases, Manes, glis.
Chiefly Mascula we view,
Sometimes Feminina too,
Callis, sentis, funis, finis,
Torquis, and, in poets, cinis.
Mascula are adamas,
Elephas, mas, gigas, as:
Vas (vadis) too as Male is known,
Vas (vasis) as a Neuter Noun.
Most are Mascula in ex:
Feminina, forex, lex,
Nex, supplex: Common, pumex,
Imbrex, obex, silex, rumex.
Mascula appear in ix,
Fornix, phonix, and calyx
Mascula are fons and mons,
Chalybs, hydrops, gryps, and pons,
Rudens, torrens, dens and cliens,
Fractions of the as, as triens;
Add to Mascula tridens,
Occidens and oriens,
Bidens (hoc): but bidens (sheep)
With the Feminina keep.
Mascula are found in es
Verres and acinaces.
Mascula are found in ur ,
Furfur, turtur, vultur, fur.
Feminina, some in us
Keep u long, as, servitus,
With juventus, virtus, salus,
Senectus, tellus, incus, palus.
Also pecus (pecudis)
Of the Female gender is.
Mascula are found in us
Lepus (leporis) and mus.
Mascula in l are mugil,
Consul, sal and sol, with pugil.
Mascula are ren and splen,
Pecten, delphin, attagen.
Feminina some in on;
Gorgon, sindon, halcyon.

第四变格法名词性别：

Feminina, trees in us,
With tribus, acus, porticus,
Domus, nurus, socrus, anus,
Idus (iduum) and manus.

　　[原文]

　　13. Cernis autem eandem terram quasi quibusdam redimitam et circumdatam cingulis， e quibus duos maxime inter se diversos et caeli verticibus ipsis ex utraque parte subnixos obriguisse pruina vides， medium autem illum et maximum solis ardore torreri. Duo sunt habitabiles， quorum australis ille， in quo qui insistunt， adversa vobis urgent vestigia， nihil ad vestrum genus； hic autem alter subiectus aquiloni， quem incolitis， cerne quam tenui vos parte contingat. Omnis enim terra， quae colitur a vobis， angustata verticibus， lateribus latior， parva quaedam insula est circumfusa illo mari， quod Atlanticum， quod magnum， quem Oceanum appellatis in terris， qui tamen tanto nomine quam sit parvus vides.

　　[註解]

　　cernis autem eandem terram quasi quibusdam redimitam et circumdatam cingulis

　　這句話最主要的成分就是cernis terram你注意地球。eandem有特指的意思。拉丁文沒有現代西文的冠詞，eandem等小詞有時候有冠詞的作用。quibus這裡不是關係代詞，是修飾cingulis的代詞形容詞“用那些帶子”。分詞redimitam et circumdatam則和eandem一樣修飾terram，被捆綁和包圍的地球。

　　e quibus duos maxime inter se diversos et caeli verticibus ipsis ex utraque parte subnixos obriguisse pruina vides， medium autem illum et maximum solis ardore torreri

　　隨著對拉丁文文法的掌握，儘管詞序顛三倒四，但還是能夠邊看邊理順文意。其實看拉丁文的同時就在和漢文的相同的語法成分進行匹配。瓦羅突然聯想到數學中的排列組合，漢文的SVO和拉丁文的SOV，其組合結果是一樣的，都只有O，S，V三個元。本句話直接讀出漢文，從這兩個最大的互為兩頭的cingulos（受格地位），以及天上的用自己多個頂端的，從另一端依靠著的（受格地位），變硬了（不定式），用冰霜，你看見（主謂語），它中間的cingulum（受格地位），最大程度地，被太陽之火烘烤 。從讀出的語無倫次的句子，我們可以明白作者的修辭是大肆鋪張修飾cingulos。前後兩句話無非就是說，你看地球，被cingulum就是被你看到的什麽什麽樣的cingulum包裹著，和中間的cingulum被烘烤。

　　duo sunt habitabiles， quorum australis ille，  in quo qui insistunt， adversa vobis urgent vestigia， nihil ad vestrum genus

　　形容詞australis南方的。澳大利亞australia拉丁文原意就是南方陸地（相對于北半球）。in quo等於in australia在南方。qui insistunt有人住著。adversa urgent vestigia相對的腳掌壓迫著，相互對腳掌站著，譬如中國人和美國人在地球的相反兩面站立著。nihil ad vestrum genus對你們的族類沒有什麽，也就是與你們無關。

　　hic autem alter subiectus aquiloni， quem incolitis， cerne quam tenui vos parte contingat

　　aquiloni，與格，對於北方/在北方。alter subiectus另一個躺著/存在著。動詞incolere，及物用法是殖民的意思，反之是居住的意思。quem incolitis你們殖民的那個cingulum。cerne命令式，你看！vos contingat它連接你們。tenuis pars小小的部分。

　　omnis enim terra， quae colitur a vobis， angustata verticibus， lateribus latior

　　terra angustata被收窄的地球，從vertex上下/頂低看來。terra latior比較寬的地球，從latus側面看來。

　　parva quaedam insula est circumfusa illo mari， quod Atlanticum， quod magnum，  quem Oceanum appellatis in terris

　　parva quaedam insula同樣的小島，這裡指terra。動詞circumfundere包圍/環繞。illum mare那個大海。mare Atlanticum亞特蘭提斯海，mare magnum大海，Oceanum大洋都特指大西洋。

　　qui tamen tanto nomine quam sit parvus vides

　　tanto nomine多麽大的名氣。quam sit parvus多麽渺小啊。這裡應該是插入句。

　　[直譯]

　　你想想，那個地球被帶子包裹和保衛的，從這兩個最大的互為兩頭的帶子，以及天上的用自己多個頂端的，從另一端依靠著的，變硬了被冰霜，（這是）你看見的，它中間的帶子最大程度地被太陽之火烘烤 。兩個是可以住人的，其中一個南方的有人住著，相互對腳掌站著（譬如中國人和美國人在地球的相反兩面站立著），沒有什麽和你的族類有關；另一個在北方，你住的那個，你看看， 它們用很小的部分連接著。所有的土地，就是你們居住的，從上下看來比較窄，從側面看來比較寬，小的就像被大海包圍的小島，那大海被你們在地球上叫著亞特蘭提斯海、大海、大洋。縱使名聲再大，你看來也是多麽渺小。